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Title: | A two stage treatment process for the management of produced ammonium by products in ureolytic bio cementation process. |
Authors: | Mohsenzadeh, A. Aflaki, E. Gowthaman, S. Nakashima, K. Kawasaki, S. Ebadi, T. |
Keywords: | Ammonium by-products.;Desorption.;Environmental management.;Microbial induced carbonate precipitation.;Recovery. |
Issue Date: | 2020 |
Publisher: | Springer Nature. |
Citation: | Mohsenzadeh, A., Aflaki, E., Gowthaman, S. et al. A two-stage treatment process for the management of produced ammonium by-products in ureolytic bio-cementation process. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03138-z. |
Abstract: | Since the last decade, microbial-induced carbonate precipitation has been proposed as an environmentally friendly technique to improve the engineering properties of soil. Despite the considerable progress on ureolytic bio-cementation, one of the major concerns that has not been solved yet is related to the production of ammonium. This study aimed to manage ammonium ions to attain a sustainable pathway for bio-cementation treatment. To this end, a two-stage treatment including rinsing of ammonium from soil combined with a recovery of ammonium was considered herein for the first time. In the rinsing process, the followings were studied to optimize ammonium removal from soil: the effects of pH, concentration, and the single salts of the rinse solution. In the subsequent ammonium recovery process, the effects of phosphate source, pH, molar ratio, and Ca2+ ions were extensively investigated. The results revealed that at neutral pH conditions, ammonium removal was the lowest (68.82%). The MgCl2 solution was found to have the greatest ability to remove ammonium followed by CaCl2, NaCl, and distilled water (98.54%, 96.47%, 89.95%, and 74.77%, respectively). The ammonium recovery results showed that 86.8% of ammonium ions could be recovered as a high purity struvite (~ 94%), and that the optimum recovery was achieved at the following conditions: Na2HPO4 as a phosphate source, the Mg2+: NH4+: PO43− molar ratio of 1.2: 1: 1, and a pH of 8.5. Overall, it was demonstrated that the proposed method could be an effective way for sustainable ammonium by-products management. |
URI: | http://repo.lib.jfn.ac.lk/ujrr/handle/123456789/2861 |
Appears in Collections: | Interdisciplinary Studies FoT |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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A two stage treatment process.pdf | 1.43 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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